Gramatyczne objaśnienia

Present Perfect - formy

Czas Present Perfect jest tworzony używając have lub has (tylko w trzeciej osobie liczby pojedyńczej) oraz past participle.
Past participle = trzecia forma z tabeli czasowników nieregularnych, lub forma bezokolicznikowa czasownika + -d, -ed.

Form

  Zdania twierdzące skrócone formy
I I have written a letter. I've written a letter.
you You have written a letter. You've written a letter.
he He has written a letter. He's written a letter.
she She has written a letter. She's written a letter.
it It has written a letter. It's written a letter.
we We have written a letter. We've written a letter.
you You have written a letter. You've written a letter.
they They have written a letter They've written a letter.
  Zdania przeczące skrócone formy
I I have not written a letter.

I haven't written a letter.

you You have not written a letter. You haven't written a letter.
he He has not written a letter. He hasn't written a letter.
she She has not written a letter. She hasn't written a letter.
it It has not written a letter. It hasn't written a letter.
we We have not written a letter. We haven't written a letter.
you You have not written a letter. You haven't written a letter.
they They have not written a letter. They haven't written a letter.
  Zdania pytające  
I Have I written a letter?  
you Have you written a letter?  
he Has he written a letter?  
she Has she written a letter?  
it Has it written a letter?  
we Have we written a letter?  
you Have you written a letter?  
they Have they written a letter?  
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